1. Definition of standard use scope and terminology
IEC 62133 specifies safety requirements for portable, sealed secondary cells or batteries (excluding coin-cell batteries) containing alkaline or non-acid electrolytes for their intended use or reasonably foreseeable misuse. We commonly use batteries in portable electronic and electrical products, such as mobile phones, MP3 / MP4, cameras, notebook computers, rechargeable nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lithium ion, and lithium polymer batteries, all within the scope of this standard. The standard provides concise and clear definitions of some key important terms, such as intended use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, secondary IEC62133ll, and secondary battery )and many more. Finally, in order to ensure the reproducibility and consistency of the test data, the parameter measurement tolerance is also specified in this standard. The total accuracy of the control or measurement value involves the specified or actual parameter should be within the following tolerance range: the voltage is ± 1%; current is ± 1%; temperature is ± 2 ° C; time is ± 0,1%; size is ± 1%; capacity is ± 1%. These tolerances include the combined accuracy of test instruments, measurement techniques, and other errors in the test program.
2. General security considerations
The second chapter of the standard provides a detailed explanation of the general safety considerations of cells and batteries, and considers that cells and batteries should be safe under both intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. . That is, the cell or battery may fail to function when it is misused, but there should be no obvious harm; while the cell or battery should not only be safe when it is used, it can continue to function in all aspects. Potential risk factors considered in this standard mainly include: fire, explosion, leakage of battery electrolyte, outgassing, combustion caused by excessive external temperature, and rupture of the battery case that exposes internal components.
3.Type test
Chapter III specifies the conditions for type testing and the number of samples required. Each test is performed with a set of three or five cells or batteries, and each test requires a new sample. In order to ensure the consistency of the test, the test cell and battery samples are manufactured within three months. Unless otherwise specified, tests are performed at an ambient temperature of 20 ± 5 ° C.
4. Test requirements and conditions
Fourteen tests are listed, four tests under expected use conditions and 11 tests under reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions. Among them, there are 12 items for nickel-based and lithium-based cells / batteries, 4 items for expected use conditions, and 9 items for reasonable and foreseeable misuse conditions. Before the sample is pre-charged in accordance with the provisions of section 4.1, the battery is discharged to a specified termination voltage at a constant current of 20 ± 5 ° C, 0.2 It, and then charged at 20 ± 5 ° C using the charging method claimed by the manufacturer (unless the standard Otherwise specified).
The “Heat Abuse Test” in Section 4.3.2 requires that a fully charged cell be stabilized at room temperature and placed in a natural or circulating air convection incubator. The incubator heats up to 130 ± 2 ° C at a rate of 5 ± 2 ° C / min. Keep this temperature and stop the test after 10 minutes. The criterion is no fire and no explosion. This test section considers whether the battery will cause an internal short circuit due to the shrinkage of the diaphragm at extremely high temperatures, which will cause a fire or explosion due to the internal temperature being too high. This test is a test in both UL 1642 and JIS C 8714, and the test conditions are about the same.
The "Extrusion Test" in Section 4.3.6 is to simulate the situation when the battery cell is subjected to severe extrusion (such as processing in a waste extruder). This test requires a fully charged cell to be squeezed between two planes, and a 13 ± 1 kN squeeze force is applied by the hydraulic cylinder. Squeezing occurs in a manner that results in adverse results, and releases pressure once the squeezing force is reached or the cell voltage drops to one-third of the initial voltage. When testing cylindrical and square cells, the longitudinal direction should be parallel to the extrusion plane. Both sides of the square cells should be squeezed. The second group of cells should be rotated 90 ° around the long axis in the test. Squeeze test. The criterion is no fire and no explosion. In this test, most of the failures of the cells are caused by internal short circuit caused by the internal short circuit during the extrusion process, which caused the fire. This test is a test in UL 1642 and JIS C 8714, and the test conditions are basically the same.
The “Cell Overcharge Test” in Section 4.3.9 requires the cells to be tested at a rate of 0.2 It in accordance with IEC 61960 "Secondary Cells and Batteries Containing Alkaline or Non-Acid Electrolyte-Portable Secondary Lithium Cells and Batteries". Discharge to the cut-off voltage, and then charge with a power supply of not less than 10 V for 2.5 C5 / Irech hours at the manufacturer's recommended charging current Irec. The criterion is no fire and no explosion. This means overcharging a battery that has no charge voltage limit. Since lithium batteries basically do not have any protection components, they must rely on their own design (such as flammable materials, good venting design) to resist over-voltage charging. This is a fairly severe test, and it is also a test of the failure rate in the current standard. .
The current version of IEC 62133 is Ed.1.0, which was developed by the technical committee TC 21A (secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline and non-acid electrolytes) under the IEC Technical Committee TC 21 (secondary cells and batteries) It was officially promulgated in October 2002. The standard is broadly divided into seven chapters: the scope and terminology of the standard.
The tests required for lithium battery cells include:
1) Continuous low-rate charging; 2) Vibration; 3) High-temperature molding test; 4) Temperature cycling; 5) External disconnection; 6) Free fall; 7) Mechanical impact; 8) Thermal abuse; 9) Compression of the cell; 10 ) Low pressure test; 11) Overcharge; 12) Forced discharge; 13) Cell protection to prevent high charge rate;
IEC62133 test cycle:
Usually it is 12-15 working days
IEC62133 preparation information:
Battery specification
2. 25 batteries and 53 batteries. If it is a finished product, 53 batteries and 21 finished products are provided.
Application process for IEC 62133 test
1. Send the battery specification
2. Confirm the quote
3. Fill in the application form
4. Issue a quotation after receiving the application form
5. Send samples: 28 batteries, 37 batteries
6. Payment
7. Receive the application form, battery specifications, samples and money, open the case for testing
8. After the test is completed, an IEC62133 test report is issued.
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